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This pinpoint-sized photovoltaic chip (upper right corner) is implanted under the retina in a blind rat to restore sight. The center image shows how the chip is comprised of an array of photodiodes, which can be activated by pulsed near-infrared light to stimulate neural signals in the eye that propagate then to the brain. A higher magnification view [lower left corner] shows a single pixel of the implant, which has three diodes around the perimeter and an electrode in the center. The diodes turn light into an electric current  which flows from the chip into the inner layer of retinal cells.

retina solar cell

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